Everything you need to know about the bank project report format — 14 IBA-standard sections, bank-wise requirements, DSCR & CMA explained, common mistakes, and a generator that builds your report in 60 seconds.
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A project report for bank loan — also called a Detailed Project Report (DPR) or bank DPR — is the primary document a business owner submits to a bank when applying for a term loan, working capital limit, or government scheme loan (MUDRA, PMEGP, Stand-Up India, etc.). It is your business's complete "case file" that proves to the bank manager that your project is technically feasible, financially viable, and capable of repaying the loan.
In India, project reports for bank loans follow the IBA (Indian Banks' Association) standard format which includes CMA (Credit Monitoring Arrangement) data, 5-year financial projections, DSCR calculation, and working capital assessment using the Tandon Method. This format is accepted by all PSU banks — SBI, PNB, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, Union Bank — and most private banks.
A weak or incomplete project report is the single biggest reason for bank loan rejection in India's MSME sector, according to SIDBI's MSME Pulse report. Banks receive hundreds of applications — a well-prepared project report makes your file stand out and gets processed faster.
Key terms to know:
Banks are fiduciaries — they lend depositors' money and are legally required to assess creditworthiness before disbursing loans. A project report gives the bank's credit officer everything needed to evaluate your application under RBI's prudential norms.
This is the IBA-standard format accepted by all scheduled banks in India. Every section is mandatory for MSME loans above ₹5 lakh.
The cover page includes the business name, applicant name, loan amount requested, scheme (MUDRA/PMEGP/etc.), and bank branch. The executive summary (1–2 pages) gives the bank manager a quick overview of the project — business concept, loan purpose, total project cost, means of finance, and expected profitability. This is the first impression; it must be crisp and accurate.
Full personal details of the applicant/promoter: name, age, educational qualification, work experience, technical skills, and family background. Includes KYC documents list (Aadhaar, PAN, address proof) and a declaration of no existing defaults. For manufacturing loans, relevant technical experience is highlighted. Banks assess whether the promoter has the capability to run this business.
Detailed description of the business activity: what is produced or sold, how it works, production process (for manufacturing), service delivery process (for services), target customers, geographic market, and business model. For manufacturing units, include the production flowchart and key process steps.
Evidence that there is demand for your product or service. Includes: industry overview (market size, growth rate), demand-supply analysis, target customer segments, competitor analysis, pricing strategy, and sales plan. For smaller MUDRA loans, local market demand evidence suffices. For larger PMEGP loans, district/state market data is expected.
For manufacturing units: details of the production process, installed capacity (units/day or kg/day), capacity utilization plan (Year 1 typically 50–60%), energy requirements, water requirement, waste disposal, pollution control, and quality standards. For service businesses: service delivery method, infrastructure requirements, technology platform if any.
Complete breakdown of the total project cost: (a) Fixed assets — land & building, plant & machinery, other equipment, furniture, vehicles, pre-operative expenses; (b) Working capital (initial) — raw material stock, semi-finished goods, debtors, cash buffer. All items must have supporting quotations. The total project cost determines the loan quantum.
How the total project cost is funded: Term Loan (from bank), Promoter's Contribution (own money/equity — minimum 10–25%), and Subsidy (PMEGP, MYUY, NLM, etc.). The debt-equity ratio and promoter's stake are key appraisal parameters. Subsidy must be correctly modelled as either front-end or back-end depending on the scheme.
Item-wise list of all machines, equipment, and tools to be purchased. Each item must show: description, specification, quantity, rate per unit, and total cost. Quotations from manufacturers or authorized dealers must be attached as annexures. Banks will verify that the loan amount justifies the machinery investment.
Raw material section: list of all inputs, monthly consumption quantity, rate per unit, total monthly cost, and supplier details. Working capital cycle (holding period for raw materials, WIP, finished goods). Manpower section: designation-wise staffing plan, monthly salaries, and projected headcount growth over 5 years. Both must be consistent with the production capacity and revenue projections.
The heart of the project report. Three financial statements projected for 5 years: Profit & Loss Account (revenue, COGS, gross profit, operating expenses, EBITDA, depreciation, interest, PBT, tax, PAT), Balance Sheet (fixed assets, current assets, term loan, working capital, equity), and Cash Flow Statement (operating, investing, financing cash flows). Year 1 must be conservative; growth rates must be justifiable. All three statements must reconcile exactly.
CMA (Credit Monitoring Arrangement) data is required for working capital loans and term loans above ₹5L at PSU banks. The 7 statements are: (1) Operating Statement, (2) Analysis of Balance Sheet, (3) Comparative Statement of Current Assets & Liabilities, (4) MPBF Calculation (Tandon Method II), (5) Fund Flow Statement, (6) Ratio Analysis (Current Ratio, DSCR, TOL/TNW), (7) Details of Existing/Proposed Borrowings.
Working capital loan (CC/OD limit) is calculated using the Tandon Committee's Method II: Bank finances 75% of Current Assets minus Other Current Liabilities. The MPBF (Maximum Permissible Bank Finance) ceiling cannot be exceeded by the CC limit request. Banks verify this on page 7 of the CMA data. Current Ratio ≥ 1.25 is mandatory per RBI norms.
Month-wise repayment schedule showing: outstanding principal, monthly EMI, principal component, interest component, and balance at end of month. Year-wise DSCR calculation: DSCR = (PAT + Depreciation + Interest on TL) ÷ (TL Principal Repaid + TL Interest). Banks require DSCR ≥ 1.25 (service/trade) or ≥ 1.50 (manufacturing) across all projection years. A single year below 1.25 can cause rejection.
SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) demonstrates the promoter's understanding of business risks. Declarations include: undertaking that information provided is true, no defaults to any scheduled bank, no government scheme subsidy already availed, and compliance with lending bank's terms. Some banks require a separate Declaration of Assets.
All major PSU banks follow the IBA CMA format but have specific internal requirements for DSCR and documentation thresholds.
| Bank | MUDRA Requirement | MSME Loan | PMEGP | Min DSCR | Key Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBI | Required for Tarun (₹5L–₹10L) | Mandatory above ₹25L; CMA for WC | Mandatory | ≥ 1.25 (service/trade); ≥ 1.50 (mfg) | SBI uses CRISIL-aligned appraisal; CMA in IBA format |
| PNB | Required for Kishor+ | 50-point checklist; CMA mandatory ≥ ₹10L | Mandatory | ≥ 1.25; ≥ 1.50 mfg | PNB 50-point MSME checklist; Tandon Method II |
| Bank of Baroda | Required for Tarun | Mandatory; CGTMSE linkage common | Mandatory | ≥ 1.25; ≥ 1.50 mfg | State lead bank Gujarat + Rajasthan; RLLR-linked |
| Canara Bank | Required for Tarun | Mandatory; IBA CMA format | Mandatory | ≥ 1.25 | State lead bank Karnataka; strong PMEGP lender |
| Union Bank | Required for Kishor+ | Mandatory above ₹10L | Mandatory | ≥ 1.25 | Top 5 PMEGP lender; merged Andhra Bank |
Requirements verified against current bank circulars. May vary by branch and credit officer. Always confirm with your specific branch.
According to SIDBI data, over 60% of MSME loan rejections are due to problems in the project report, not the business itself. Knowing these in advance can save weeks of delay.
Cred by Fastlegal prevents all 7 rejection reasons automatically:
| Factor | DIY (Excel + Word) | Hire CA/Consultant | Cred by Fastlegal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time to prepare | 3–7 days | 5–15 days (waiting for CA) | Under 60 seconds |
| Cost | Free (your time) | ₹3,000–₹15,000 | Free preview |
| DSCR calculation | Error-prone in Excel | Accurate | Auto-calculated, error-free |
| CMA data (IBA format) | Difficult to format correctly | Accurate | Auto-generated, IBA-standard |
| Editable after download | Yes | Sometimes (extra charge) | Yes — unlimited edits |
| Bank acceptance | If formatted correctly | High | Same IBA format all banks use |
| Scheme-specific variants | Manual adjustment needed | CA knows the formats | 8+ schemes pre-configured |
| Error check | Manual | CA reviews | Auto-validation (MPBF, DSCR, reconciliation) |
Using Cred by Fastlegal, you can generate a complete bank project report in under 60 seconds.
Create your account at cred.fastlegal.in — no credit card required. Google Sign-In available. You can generate and preview your report immediately.
Choose from MUDRA (Shishu/Kishor/Tarun), PMEGP, PM Vishwakarma, MYUY, Stand-Up India, CGTMSE, or a general MSME bank loan. Each scheme generates a report in the correct format for that scheme.
Fill in: business name, type, industry, location, loan amount, project cost breakdown (machinery, building, working capital), revenue assumptions, and applicant details. No financial knowledge required — the tool guides you through each field.
All 14 sections are prepared for you: executive summary, business description, market analysis, project cost, financial projections (5-year P&L, balance sheet, cash flow), CMA data in IBA format, MPBF calculation (Tandon Method II), repayment schedule, DSCR, and SWOT analysis.
Open any tab — Business Description, Financials, CMA Data, SWOT — and edit the drafted content. All financial calculations update automatically when you change assumptions. The Financials tab shows DSCR for each year.
Download as Word (.docx) for easy editing before bank submission, PDF for email/upload, or Excel for the CMA data sheet. Submit to your bank branch with supporting documents (KYC, quotations, ITR).
"Project report for business loan" and "project report for bank loan" describe the same document — the format above works for both. What changes is who reads it. A public sector bank appraising a subsidised scheme loan weighs different sections than an NBFC pricing an unsecured business loan. Emphasise the right ones and approval gets materially faster.
Public Sector Bank
SBI, PNB, BOB, Canara, Union
Private Bank
HDFC, ICICI, Axis, Kotak
NBFC / Fintech
Unsecured business loan
A project report for bank loan (also called Detailed Project Report or DPR) is a formal document submitted to a bank when applying for a business loan. It describes your business plan, project cost, technical feasibility, market analysis, 5-year financial projections, CMA data, and loan repayment capacity. Banks use it to assess whether your business can repay the loan. It is the single most important document in any MSME, MUDRA, PMEGP, or MSME loan application.
The standard format follows the IBA (Indian Banks' Association) structure: (1) Cover Page & Executive Summary, (2) Promoter Profile, (3) Business Description, (4) Market Analysis, (5) Technical Plan, (6) Project Cost Statement, (7) Means of Finance, (8) Machinery & Equipment, (9) Raw Material & Manpower Plan, (10) 5-Year P&L, Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Projections, (11) CMA Data (IBA format), (12) Working Capital (Tandon Method II), (13) Loan Repayment Schedule + DSCR, (14) SWOT Analysis & Declarations. This format is accepted by SBI, PNB, BOB, Canara Bank, and all nationalized banks.
Yes, for most business loans above ₹2 lakh. MUDRA Shishu (up to ₹50,000): a simple business plan suffices. MUDRA Kishor (₹50K–₹5L): project report strongly recommended. MUDRA Tarun (₹5L–₹10L): project report with CMA data is mandatory. PMEGP: project report is mandatory for all loans. MSME term loans above ₹25L: detailed project report with financials and CMA data is compulsory. Banks reserve the right to reject incomplete applications.
A standard bank project report for loans up to ₹25 lakh is typically 15–25 pages. For PMEGP (up to ₹50L) and MSME loans above ₹25L, a 25–40 page report is common. For large term loans (₹1Cr+), a comprehensive DPR of 40–80 pages may be needed with detailed technical annexures. Quality and accuracy of financial projections matter more than page count.
CMA (Credit Monitoring Arrangement) data is the standardized financial statement format prescribed by the Indian Banks' Association (IBA) for credit appraisal. It includes: Operating Statement (P&L in IBA format), Analysis of Balance Sheet, Comparative Statement of Current Assets and Liabilities, MPBF Calculation (Tandon Method II), Fund Flow Statement, Ratio Analysis (Current Ratio, DSCR, TOL/TNW), and Fixed Asset Schedule. CMA data is required for working capital (CC/OD) limits and term loans above ₹5 lakh at most PSU banks.
DSCR (Debt Service Coverage Ratio) = Net Operating Income ÷ Annual Loan Repayment (principal + interest). It measures whether your business can repay the loan from profits. Example: if annual net income is ₹3.6L and EMI is ₹2.4L, DSCR = 1.50. Banks require DSCR ≥ 1.25 for service/trading businesses and DSCR ≥ 1.50 for manufacturing. A DSCR below 1.0 means the business cannot repay the loan from operations — automatic rejection.
Top rejection reasons: (1) Revenue projections are unrealistically high (40%+ annual growth without market evidence). (2) DSCR below 1.25 — business cannot repay from projected profits. (3) CMA data inconsistencies — figures don't match across statements. (4) Historical financials (ITR) don't match the project report's claimed actuals. (5) MPBF calculation errors — loan amount exceeds the MPBF ceiling. (6) Missing sections — machinery quotations absent, manpower plan vague. (7) Promoter contribution below minimum (10–25% of project cost).
A CA or consultant charges ₹3,000–₹15,000 for a project report depending on loan amount and complexity. Large DPRs (₹1Cr+) cost ₹15,000–₹50,000. With Cred by Fastlegal you preview the report free (watermarked), then pay ₹499 once for the clean PDF + Word + Excel — up to 60× cheaper than a CA. Subscription plans start at ₹999/month for multiple reports.
Yes. You are not legally required to hire a CA to prepare a project report (though a CA can certify the financials for larger loans). Use Cred by Fastlegal: fill in your business details and the report is prepared with all 14 sections, correct DSCR/CMA calculations, and bank-standard formatting. Download as Word, PDF, or Excel. Review and edit any section. Thousands of Indian entrepreneurs have used this to get loans approved without hiring consultants.
A project report for bank loan focuses on financial viability and loan repayment capacity — it follows the IBA CMA format. A business plan is a broader strategic document focused on business model, market, and growth strategy for investors. For Indian bank loans, you need a project report (DPR), not a business plan. The two have significant overlap in sections like executive summary, market analysis, and financial projections, but the bank project report has additional sections like CMA data, MPBF, Tandon working capital, and repayment schedule with DSCR.
DPR (Detailed Project Report) and project report for bank loan mean the same thing in the Indian MSME context. DPR typically refers to a more comprehensive document (common for infrastructure and large projects) while 'project report' is used for smaller MSME, MUDRA, and PMEGP loans. Both include business plan, project cost, financial projections, and CMA data. The terms are used interchangeably by bank managers and DIC offices.
Traditional method (doing it yourself in Excel + Word): 3–7 days. Hiring a CA or consultant: 5–15 days. Using Cred by Fastlegal: under 60 seconds for initial generation; 20–30 minutes to review and customize. Every calculation (DSCR, CMA, MPBF, depreciation, repayment schedule) is done automatically from your inputs.
A complete 14-section project report — the same document your bank officer will read. Every table below is real: the repayment schedule, the DSCR, the CMA workings, the balance sheet. Generate yours free, then pay ₹499 for the clean copy.
Project Report
Consumer electronics repair, servicing & spare-parts retail
Vaishali Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan
Submitted to the Branch Manager · Punjab National Bank, Vaishali Nagar, Jaipur
The unit has been in operation since 2019 and currently services 20–25 jobs a day from a 350 sq.ft. ground-floor shop, with a recorded customer base of 600+ households in the Vaishali Nagar catchment. The promoter proposes to expand the workbench capacity, add board-level diagnostic equipment and carry a spare-parts inventory so that 70% of repairs can be completed same-day instead of the present 3-day turnaround.
The project is assessed at a cost of ₹10.00 lakh, financed by a ₹8.00 lakh MUDRA Tarun term loan and ₹2.00 lakh of promoter's own contribution (20%). At the projected turnover the unit services its debt 5.87 times over on average, against the 1.25 minimum, and breaks even at 62% of Year-1 sales — leaving substantial cushion against a demand shortfall.
Recommendation: the proposal is technically feasible, commercially viable and financially sound. It is recommended for sanction of a term loan of ₹8.00 lakh repayable in 60 monthly instalments.
| Particulars | Basis | Amount (₹) |
|---|---|---|
| Renovation & civil work | 200 sq.ft. additional area, electrical, ESD flooring | 1,20,000 |
| Diagnostic & repair equipment | As per quotations — Annexure IX | 2,40,000 |
| Computers, software & service tools | 2 systems, billing software, tool kits | 80,000 |
| Furniture, air-conditioning & display fixtures | Counter, racks, 1.5 T AC | 60,000 |
| Margin money for working capital | Stock, receivables & operating cash | 5,00,000 |
| Total project cost | 10,00,000 |
A 5% contingency is built into the civil and equipment estimates. All capital items are supported by three quotations each.
| Source | Amount (₹) | % of project cost |
|---|---|---|
| Promoter's own contribution | 2,00,000 | 20.00% |
| Term loan under MUDRA Tarun | 8,00,000 | 80.00% |
| Subsidy / margin money grant | Nil | — |
| Total | 10,00,000 | 100.00% |
Promoter's contribution is held in Savings A/c No. XXXXXX4417 with Punjab National Bank, Vaishali Nagar (statement enclosed). Debt–equity at inception is 4.00 : 1, improving to 1.65 : 1 by the end of Year 1.
For PMEGP, PMFME, NABARD and state-subsidy proposals this section additionally carries the margin-money subsidy workings, the subsidy-adjusted repayment and a second DSCR computed net of subsidy.
| Equipment | Qty | Rate (₹) | Amount (₹) |
|---|---|---|---|
| BGA rework station with preheater | 1 | 95,000 | 95,000 |
| Digital storage oscilloscope with probes | 1 | 45,000 | 45,000 |
| Universal IC programmer | 1 | 35,000 | 35,000 |
| Ultrasonic PCB cleaning unit | 1 | 22,000 | 22,000 |
| Soldering / desoldering stations | 3 | 8,000 | 24,000 |
| Precision tool kits & ESD workbench | 2 | 9,500 | 19,000 |
| Total | 2,40,000 |
Suppliers: Fine Tools India (Jaipur), Sagar Electronics (Delhi), Techno Instruments (Jaipur). Quotations enclosed at Annexure IX. Delivery within 30 days of sanction; installation by the supplier at no extra cost.
| Particulars | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Service & repair income | 24.00 | 28.32 | 32.57 | 36.80 | 41.22 |
| Sale of spares & accessories | 9.60 | 11.33 | 13.03 | 14.73 | 16.49 |
| Total revenue | 33.60 | 39.65 | 45.60 | 51.53 | 57.71 |
| Cost of spares & materials (45%) | 15.12 | 17.84 | 20.52 | 23.19 | 25.97 |
| Gross profit | 18.48 | 21.81 | 25.08 | 28.34 | 31.74 |
| Salaries & wages | 6.72 | 7.26 | 7.84 | 8.47 | 9.14 |
| Rent | 1.44 | 1.51 | 1.59 | 1.67 | 1.75 |
| Power & fuel | 0.72 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.89 | 0.95 |
| Repairs & maintenance | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.42 |
| Marketing & business promotion | 0.36 | 0.40 | 0.44 | 0.48 | 0.52 |
| Administrative & miscellaneous | 0.60 | 0.66 | 0.72 | 0.78 | 0.84 |
| Insurance | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.16 |
| Total operating expenses | 10.26 | 11.07 | 11.92 | 12.83 | 13.78 |
| EBITDA | 8.22 | 10.74 | 13.16 | 15.51 | 17.96 |
| Depreciation (WDV, as per IT Act) | 0.86 | 0.66 | 0.52 | 0.42 | 0.35 |
| EBIT | 7.36 | 10.08 | 12.64 | 15.09 | 17.61 |
| Interest on term loan | 0.78 | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.31 | 0.11 |
| Profit before tax | 6.58 | 9.44 | 12.16 | 14.78 | 17.50 |
| Income tax (as applicable) | 0.30 | 0.62 | 0.95 | 1.35 | 1.80 |
| Profit after tax | 6.28 | 8.82 | 11.21 | 13.43 | 15.70 |
Revenue grows 18%, 15%, 13% and 12% over the five years, against 22% achieved by the unit in the last audited year. Capacity utilisation moves from 72% to 91%; the projections do not assume any increase in service rates.
| Year | Opening balance | Principal repaid | Interest | Total outgo | Closing balance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8,00,000 | 1,28,404 | 77,937 | 2,06,341 | 6,71,596 |
| 2 | 6,71,596 | 1,42,555 | 63,787 | 2,06,341 | 5,29,041 |
| 3 | 5,29,041 | 1,58,265 | 48,077 | 2,06,341 | 3,70,776 |
| 4 | 3,70,776 | 1,75,706 | 30,635 | 2,06,341 | 1,95,070 |
| 5 | 1,95,070 | 1,95,070 | 11,272 | 2,06,341 | Nil |
| Total | 8,00,000 | 2,31,707 | 10,31,705 |
| Particulars | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Profit after tax | 6.28 | 8.82 | 11.21 | 13.43 | 15.70 |
| Add: depreciation | 0.86 | 0.66 | 0.52 | 0.42 | 0.35 |
| Add: interest on term loan | 0.78 | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.31 | 0.11 |
| Cash available for debt service (A) | 7.92 | 10.12 | 12.21 | 14.16 | 16.16 |
| Principal repayment | 1.28 | 1.43 | 1.58 | 1.76 | 1.95 |
| Interest | 0.78 | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.31 | 0.11 |
| Total debt service (B) | 2.06 | 2.07 | 2.06 | 2.07 | 2.06 |
| DSCR (A ÷ B) | 3.84 | 4.89 | 5.93 | 6.84 | 7.84 |
Average DSCR over the tenure: 5.87. The minimum acceptable to banks is 1.25; the unit crosses that threshold even if Year-1 revenue falls 60% short of projection.
| Particulars | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LIABILITIES | |||||
| Capital account (net of drawings) | 4.08 | 7.50 | 12.11 | 17.74 | 24.44 |
| Term loan — long-term portion | 5.29 | 3.71 | 1.95 | — | — |
| Term loan — current maturity | 1.43 | 1.58 | 1.76 | 1.95 | — |
| Sundry creditors (30 days) | 1.26 | 1.49 | 1.71 | 1.93 | 2.16 |
| Other current liabilities & provisions | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.50 |
| Total | 12.36 | 14.63 | 17.93 | 22.07 | 27.10 |
| ASSETS | |||||
| Net fixed assets | 4.14 | 3.48 | 2.96 | 2.54 | 2.19 |
| Stock of spares (45 days) | 1.86 | 2.20 | 2.53 | 2.86 | 3.20 |
| Sundry debtors (10 days) | 0.92 | 1.09 | 1.25 | 1.41 | 1.58 |
| Cash & bank balance | 5.44 | 7.86 | 11.19 | 15.26 | 20.13 |
| Total | 12.36 | 14.63 | 17.93 | 22.07 | 27.10 |
| Sources | Amount | Applications | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| Profit after tax | 6.28 | Capital expenditure | 5.00 |
| Depreciation | 0.86 | Increase in stock | 1.86 |
| Increase in creditors & provisions | 1.56 | Increase in debtors | 0.92 |
| Term loan drawn | 8.00 | Repayment of term loan | 1.28 |
| Promoter's capital introduced | 2.00 | Drawings | 4.20 |
| Closing cash & bank | 5.44 | ||
| Total | 18.70 | Total | 18.70 |
Working capital is assessed under the Tandon Committee Method II, the basis used by banks for limits up to ₹5 crore. The workings below are drawn from the Year-1 projections above.
| Particulars | Amount |
|---|---|
| Stock of spares | 1.86 |
| Sundry debtors | 0.92 |
| Cash & bank balance | 5.44 |
| Total current assets (TCA) | 8.22 |
| Sundry creditors | 1.26 |
| Other current liabilities & provisions | 0.30 |
| Current maturity of term loan | 1.43 |
| Other current liabilities (OCL) | 2.99 |
| Working capital gap (TCA − OCL) | 5.23 |
| 25% of TCA — stipulated margin | 2.06 |
| Maximum permissible bank finance (Method II) | 3.18 |
No cash-credit limit is sought in this proposal; the assessment is presented because bank officers ask for it. Were the limit of ₹3.18 lakh availed, the current ratio would stand at 1.33 — above the 1.25 stipulated by IBA.
CMA statements included in the full report
| Ratio | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 | Bank norm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current ratio | 2.75 | 3.26 | 3.87 | 4.51 | 9.36 | ≥ 1.25 |
| Debt–equity ratio | 1.65 | 0.71 | 0.31 | 0.11 | Nil | ≤ 3.00 |
| DSCR | 3.84 | 4.89 | 5.93 | 6.84 | 7.84 | ≥ 1.25 |
| Net profit margin | 18.7% | 22.2% | 24.6% | 26.1% | 27.2% | — |
| Interest coverage | 9.4 | 15.8 | 26.3 | 48.7 | 160.1 | ≥ 2.00 |
| Particulars | Amount |
|---|---|
| Fixed costs (salaries, rent, admin, depreciation, interest) | 10.88 |
| Variable costs (materials, power, maintenance) | 16.14 |
| Contribution (revenue − variable costs) | 17.46 |
| P/V ratio | 51.96% |
| Break-even sales | 20.94 |
| Break-even as % of Year-1 revenue | 62.3% |
| Cash break-even as % of Year-1 revenue | 57.4% |
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